3^rd World Congress on Pediatric Neurology and Pediatric Surgery October 01-02, 2018 Osaka, Japan

Biography:

Adrian Low has completed his PsyD from California Southern University, USA. He is the President of Hong Kong Association of Psychology as well as the Research Director of Aditgo Ltd, a learning and research center in Hong Kong. He is also a Heartmath’s certified practitioner. He has also started the Mindfulness Psychology Coaching movement in Asia with the mission of bringing everybody to the present moment.

Abstract:

Research on workplace stress measurements varied without much accuracy and effectiveness. The objective of this study was to introduce a new quantitative assessment tool emWave Pro Plus (Institute of HeartMath) and to compare Heart Rate Variability (HRV) results with the Personal and Organizational Quality Assessment (POQA) and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Eighty-five full-time employees who were working at least 40 hours per week in a large corporation participated in this study. Firstly, significant negative correlations were found between Subjective Stress and HRV measures: Perceived Stress and 5 minute mean Inter-Beat-Interval (IBI), r=-0.217*, perceived stress and 5 min SDNN, r=-0.255* and perceived stress and Ln 5min RMSSD, r=-0.282**. Secondly, significant negative correlations were found between age and the HRV measures: 1-minute SDNN (r=-0.235, p<0.01), 5 minute SDNN (r=-0.290, p<0.01); 5-minute RMSSD (r=-0.395, p<0.01); total power (r=-0.272, p<0.05); very low frequency (r=-0.215, p<0.05) and high frequency (r=0.402, p<0.01). Thirdly, significant negative correlation was found between normalized coherence and relational tension (r=-0.222, p<0.05). Additionally, significant positive correlations were found between Emotional Stress and the Mean Heart Rate Range (MHRR), r=0.216* and between intention to quit and 5-minute Ln Very Low Frequency (VLF), r=-0.234*. The research shows promising results and future studies should continue to tap into HRV as an objective measure of mental health and workplace stress.

Biography:

Background: Infantile spasms or West Syndrome (WS) represents one of the most devastating seizure disorders of pediatric epilepsy and are more frequently associated with poor intellectual outcomes. Early diagnosis with prompt initiation of treatment is key to effective control of spasms and may improve patient outcomes. Although the onset of WS is known to typically happen between ages 4-8 months, very little is known about the precise neuromechanical triggers or biochemical disease markers that herald its onset or remission. Diagnosis of WS usually involves visual observation of spasms and confirmation of hypsarrhythmia (disorganized wave-pattern) with an Electroencephalogram (EEG). Studies have identified a pre-hypsarrhythmia window of 3-6 weeks characterized by slow spikes that increase in frequency as condition deteriorates. However, the cutoff point to initiate treatment and avert disease could not be concisely defined. Also, decreased levels of brain γ-Amino Butyric Acid (GABA) have been associated with seizures, but exploitation of this knowledge in disease management was limited by several challenges including the absence of a reliable method for measuring GABA.

Method: We postulate that pairing a test for CSF-GABA concentration with clinical signs observed would greatly enhance chances to accurately predict spasms prior to onset. We plan a prospective study of CSF GABA levels as an indicator in the onset/development and remission of WS using our new method.

Findings: Using a novel LC-MS/MS method we recently developed for quantifying GABA in small amounts of CSF, we found that the mean GABA concentration in CSF from infants with seizures (n=16) was significantly lower (P=3.44e-12) compared to their age-matched controls (n=43), suggesting that susceptible infants have significantly lower CSF-GABA for their age during the pre-hypsarrhythmic period.

Significance: This study will offer providers a powerful tool for screening/identification of susceptible individuals during the predictive onset period of infantile spasms. 

Abstract:

Stephenson W Nkinin is an Adjunct Professor of Microbiology at the university of Cincinnati Department of Biology. He is currently pursuing his MPH (Epidemiology) in the department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati. Prior to registering in the MPH program, He was a Research Associate Scientist at the Pathology/Clinical Mass Spectrometry Department at Cincinnati Children’s Hospital.

Biography:

Lakshmi Kalband has her expertise in Pediatric Neurology and Epileptology. She has special interest in Pediatric and Neonatal Electroencephalography. She works in the team of Comprehensive Epilepsy Program. Her work focuses on Intractable Epilepsies and supporting families of children with epilepsy.

Abstract:

Statement of the problem:

What if the food we eat is therapy? Dietary therapies have been attempted in a wide variety of neurological disorders including epilepsies, headache and other pains, autism, brain tumors, neuro-trauma, sleep disorders, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. The driving force for the development of dietary therapies is the lack of efficiency and/or the intolerable side effects of the drugs, coupled with the intrinsic appeal of seeking more natural treatments. The efficiency of dietary therapies is best exemplified by the proven efficiency of ketogenic diet in medically intractable epilepsies. The diet now has broader use in neurological disorders and is practiced widely in epilepsies.

Method: This discussion is a review of the role of ketogenic diet and its modifications; as the keto diet approaches its centennial anniversary, its landscape has expanded considerably in application and implementation. This discussion focuses on the role of ketogenic diet and its applications in childhood neurological disorders and utility as disease modifying therapy. It includes a brief review of the pathophysiological mechanisms that cause the benefits derived from ketosis. The future of dietary therapies and applications in neurology will be reviewed.

Result:

There is emerging literature supporting the broad use of the ketogenic diet and its variants against a variety of neurological conditions. Repurposing the diet for more conditions including cancer could be a cost effective remedy that needs to be researched.

Conclusion:

The discussion is intended to bring forth the benefits of using natural remedies through dietary modifications to cure complex neurological disorders, where drugs and other interventions have limited roles.

Biography:

Sai Charan P G has completed his MBBS degree from SDM College of Medical Sciences and Hospital, Karnataka, India.

Abstract:

The study reports an atypical localization of trichobezoar in jejunum of 76 cm causing intestinal obstruction without a primary in stomach in 7-year girl who was managed surgically. A 7-year old girl presented to the emergency department with the complaints of abdominal mass, bilious vomiting, pain abdomen since 2 days. There was a significant history of trichophagia, anorexia and weight loss since 6 months. On general physical examination, she was pale. Per abdominal examination revealed a hard mass in the right iliac fossa and right lumbar region with upper abdominal distension and tenderness. Ultrasonography (USG) abdomen revealed abnormal thick mass in the bowel extending from the left iliac fossa to supra-pubic region with dilation of proximal bowel loops. Subsequently she underwent Contrast Enhanced Computer Tomography (CECT) of abdomen which revealed well defined multi-layered heterogeneous, solid non-enhancing mass of concentric whorls of mixed density with pockets of air enmeshed within it, the mass extends from proximal jejunum distally, it was separated from bowel wall. Rest of the abdominal organs was normal. On laparotomy, we found solid mass extending from proximal jejunum (15cm from Treitz angle) to distal jejunum with proximal bowel dilatation. Trichobezoar mass was removed by longitudinal enterotomy. Post-operative period was uneventful. She was discharged on seventh post-operative day after psychiatry consultation to prevent the recurrence of condition. Presently patient is doing well and has started to gain weight, during her subsequent follow up. Trichobezoars should be considered as a differential diagnosis if there is typical clinical picture of a girl with anemia, weight loss and abdominal pain with long standing abdominal mass. After removal of bezoar parental counseling, appropriate psychiatric treatment, follow up and behavioral therapy is mandatory to prevent recurrence. Bezoars are rare in children. They are commonly found in stomach. Rarely, bezoars can be located in small bowel, which are most often located in the ileum. Intestinal obstruction due to trichobezoar is extremely rare.

Biography:

Hannah Lois G Tarroja has been interested in brain and behavior of the human person. She has obtained her Medical degree at the UERM Medical Center, Inc. and pursued her interest by training in General Psychiatry at the same institution.

Abstract:

Quality of life is frequently associated with one’s personal health. Amputation is a disease state that affects the quality of life of an individual and is often associated with depression, isolation, and anxiety resulting in changes in social functioning. It results in a remarkable change of an individual’s life and function. Thus, this study aims to determine the quality of life of amputees after prosthetic rehabilitation. Results of the study may contribute to the limited studies done on quality of life after prosthetic rehabilitation and aid in the holistic management of the amputees. This was a longitudinal study that compared the quality of life of amputees before and after prosthetic rehabilitation. The study was conducted at the UERM Philippine School of Prosthetics and Orthotics in Quezon City from November 2016 to November 2017. Questionnaires administered included Short Form-36 version 2 Philippines (Tagalog) and UERM Out-Patient Satisfaction Survey. 12 participants were included in the study. Majority of the participants were male adults between the ages 22 and 69 years and all of the participants were unemployed. The changes in physical and mental component scores before and after prosthetic rehabilitation yielded no significant results. Stratification analysis revealed significant changes in scores in bodily pain and general health scales for females while males and participants with multiple co-morbidities had significant changes in vitality scores. Factors affecting these results may be explored and looked into by structured interviews.

Biography:

Adrian Low has completed his PsyD from California Southern University, USA. He is the President of Hong Kong Association of Psychology as well as the Research Director of Aditgo Ltd, a learning and research center in Hong Kong. He is also a Heartmath’s certified practitioner. He has also started the Mindfulness Psychology Coaching movement in Asia with the mission of bringing everybody to the present moment.

Abstract:

Emotions are strong feelings that affect the mind, behavior and even relationships. When emotions are strong, they can be detected in the changing pattern of our heart rhythms. On the heart rate variability biofeedback, emotions such as frustration, scared, worried, angry or upset cause uneven, irregular heart rhythms and they look like jagged mountain peaks on the computer screen. On the other hand, emotions of confidence, secure, being cared for, appreciative cause smooth and sine-like heart rhythms on the computer screen. The heart and brain are therefore connected and that smooth and sine-like heart rhythm prevents a person to suffer from brain fogs while he or she can make better decisions. Research has shown that positive emotions trigger improved performance and achievement, improved memory, improved immunity to disease, improved hormonal balance and a longer life span. This paper discusses the inside job on emotions, how emotional memories affect behavior, how emotions and nervous systems are related, how different parts of our brain function and work together and how our heart and brain communicate with each other.

Biography:

Abstract:

Biography:

Abstract:

Statement of the Problem: So far, studies on the association of serum lipid levels and depressive disorder are contradictory. Therefore, the objective of the this study was to investigate possible associations between serum lipid alterations in a large sample of well-characterized patients including men and women over a broad age range sub-grouped by the presence or absence of major depression.

Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: A total of 246 participants aged between 18-70 years were recruited of whom 94 suffered from major depressive without any other psychiatric comorbidity. A total of 152 individuals with neither a depressive symptomatology nor a former history of psychiatric disorder served as healthy controls. All study participants filled out the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) questionnaire and were investigated for their complete lipid status (i.e., triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL/HDL-cholesterol).

Findings: 94 patients with major depression showed significantly higher median (interquartile range) serum triglyceride levels (108.0 [75.8-154.1] vs. 84.0 [63.0-132.2] mg/dL, p=0.014) and significantly lower HDL-cholesterol levels (55.0 [46.9-123.0] vs. 61.5 [47.4-72.6] mg/dL, p=0.049) compared to 152 individuals without depression. Significant positive correlation was found between triglycerides, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol concentrations and the BDI-II score (p=0.027, 0.048 and 0.018).

Conclusion & Significance: Depressive individuals were found with adverse serum lipid patterns of higher triglycerides and lower HDL-cholesterol levels compared to healthy controls. On this basis, the authors would suggest the implementation of routine serum lipid measurements in order to stratify these patients by their cardiovascular risk.

Biography:

Hastuti Sri is a Lecturer and Neurologist in Aceh Province, Indonesia. She worked as Faculty of Medicine at Syiah Juala Universit. She completed her Specialist Education at the University of Indonesia. She worked as a Neuropediatric Fellow at University Malaya Medical Center, Kuala Lumpur. She is a Staff of Neurology Department, Zainoel Abidin Hospital, Banda Aceh, Indonesia, Staff of Neuropediatric Division in Neurology Department, Zainoel Abidin Hospital, Banda Aceh Indonesia and Lecturer of Medical Faculty, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia.

Abstract:

Background & Aim: Benign Epilepsy of Childhood with Central-Temporal Spikes (BECTS) is the most common focal epilepsy. It is more common in males and the onset between the ages of 3 and 13 years. Onset of the seizure is during sleep, the incident reaches until 80% of time. The clinical manifestations that mostly appear are secondary generalized seizure with a facial/perioral focal onset. The focal, perioral seizure will be reflected either in the aura or in the form of temporary postictal signs or symptoms. The typical features of this seizure include unilateral paraesthesia of the tongue, lips, gums or cheek; speech arrest, hyper salivation, poor swallowing postictally; involuntary movement of the tongue or jaw; or clonus affecting one side of the face. The feature of EEG is diphasic sharp waves in the central-midtemporal area and usually activated by sleep and unilaterally appears in any given EEG recording. The treatment is required if the seizures are frequent or long and typically respond well to carbamazepine, gabapentine, levetiracetam, sultiame or sodium valproate. Aim is to identify clinical features of signs, symptoms and characteristic of EEG pictures.

Method: Observational descriptive study of patient’s medical records. Case report is of 11 years old girl who has got epilepsy from 9 years old. Seizures occur with facial twitching and eye blinking. Patient came in for breakthrough seizure which occurs upon sleeping during bedtime, sometimes upon awakening. No preceding aura, but her mother noticed the automatism (lip smacking) prior to seizure attack. Semiology shows generalized tonic clonic seizure with lip smacking, head version to right. No frank serotyped eye movement (sometimes uprolling of eyeballs/eye deviation).

Findings: EEG examination found during sleep showed occasional low voltage stereotyped sharp wave discharge was seen independently over the right and left central-temporal region. These discharges activated in sleep and become bisynchronous. The EEG indicates that the child has a liability to benign rolandic epilepsy (Benign Epilepsy with Centro-Temporal Spikes (BECTS). No clinical events seen throughout recording.

Conclusion: The secondary generalized seizures that happen in childhood especially with perioral and facial signs and symptoms should be suspected as BECTS and should be confirmed by EEG examination. This seizures only need to be treated if its happen frequently. But 90% of these symptoms achieve remission within several years and most by the age of 16 years.

Biography:

Si Nae Kang is medical doctor specialized in Family Medicine, currently has been research fellow in Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, with experience in research, evaluation, teaching . She has special interest in Health promotion and Public health and conducted research on Korean smokers last year. She has developed pilot project of visiting care system for elderly, that is operated successfully now. 

Abstract:

While the relationship of leisure time physical activity (LPA) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) is well documented, effect of occupational physical activity (OPA) on MetS is conflicting. Aim of this study is to examine the relationship between different type of physical activity and risk of metabolic syndrome using a representative sample of South Korean adults.

Study included 7057 workers (3795 men and 3262 women) aged 20 to 65 without cancer and arthritis at baseline, from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in 2014-2016. Information on OPA, LPA and commuting physical activity (CPA) were self-reported and blood pressure and biochemical determinations of the blood were also obtained. MetS was defined as the presence of three or more of the National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression analysis were used to investigate relationship between different type of physical activity and MetS.

The prevalence of MetS was 25.7 % in the study subject. The percentages of active OPA in MetS and non-MetS groups were 6.7% and 5.0%, respectively. Compared with inactive level of LPA, sufficient level of LPA showed a significantly lower risk of MetS (OR 0.73, 95% CI 0.60-0.89) after adjustment for confounding factors. Conversely, active OPA showed increased risk of MetS (OR 1.09, 95% CI 0.77-1.52), but not reaching statistical significance. CPA was not associated with MetS.

LPA showed protective effect of MetS, but OPA showed marginal negative effect on MetS. This difference needs to be considered when recommendations for prevention of MetS are developed.

Biography:

Gong Deuk Bae is a PhD course student in Gachon university. His research topic is The effect of natural products on the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes focusing on pancreatic beta-cells.

Abstract:

Objective: Activation of estrogen receptor signaling plays an important role to preserve functional beta‑cell mass in treatment of diabetes. Liquiritigenin (LQ), a flavonoid isolated from Glycyrrhiza uralensis, is an estrogenic compound which acts as an agonist for the estrogen receptor β. In this study, we investigated protective effect of LQ on palmitate (PA)-induced apoptosis in INS-1 cells.

Methods: To examine effect of LQ on beta cells, glucose stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) method and cell viability by MTT were measured in rat beta-cell line INS-1 cells. To induce lipotoxicity, PA (400 μM) was treated for 24 h and amount of apoptotic cells were analyzed using a flow cytometer with annexin-V staining. Expression level of apoptotic proteins and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress markers were analyzed by western blot analysis after LQ treatment. Tunicamycin and thapsigargin were used to ER stress inducer and AKT inhibitor (AKTi-1/2) was used to inhibit LQ-induced AKT phosphorylation at ser 473.

Results: Exposure of INS-1 cells to 5 μM of LQ significantly increased GSIS as well as cell viability. PA treatment increased annexin-V stained cells and apoptotic proteins such as cleaved caspase-3, cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase and bax, but these increases were significantly inhibited by LQ treatment. LQ treatment inhibited cell death by ER stress inducers and PA induced ER stress marker proteins such as CHOP and phosphorylated forms of PERK and eIF2α was also significantly downregulated in LQ treated cells. LQ phosphorylated AKT at ser 473 via estrogen receptor element dependent pathway and blocking AKT signaling inhibited LQ induced decrease in level of phosphorylated PERK, consequently cell viability was not recovered.

Conclusion: Our data demonstrated that LQ has anti-apoptotic effect against PA induced lipotoxicity and AKT mediated ER stress inhibition was involved in the anti-apoptotic effect of LQ.